ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI - 600 025
REGULATION 2008 - CURRICULUM
B.E. AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING
SEMESTER V
Code No. | Course Title | L | T | P | C |
THEORY |
AE2301 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
AE2302 | | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
AE2303 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
EE2365 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
GE2211 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
AE2304 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
PRACTICAL |
AE2305 | | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 |
AE2306 | | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 |
AE2307 | | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 |
GE2321 | | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 |
AE2301 FLIGHT DYNAMICS 3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVE
To study the performance of airplanes under various operating conditions and the static and dynamic response of aircraft for both voluntary and involuntary changes in flight conditions
1. CRUISING FLIGHT PERFORMANCE 10
International Standard Atmosphere - Forces and moments acting on a flight vehicle - Equation of motion of a rigid flight vehicle - Different types of drag –estimation of parasite drag co-efficient by proper area method- Drag polar of vehicles from low speed to high speeds - Variation of thrust, power with velocity and altitudes for air breathing engines . Performance of airplane in level flight - Power available and power required curves. Maximum speed in level flight - Conditions for minimum drag and power required
2. MANOEUVERING FLIGHT PERFORMANCE 11
Range and endurance - Climbing and gliding flight (Maximum rate of climb and steepest angle of climb, minimum rate of sink and shallowest angle of glide) -Turning performance (Turning rate turn radius). Bank angle and load factor – limitations on turn - V-n diagram and load factor.
3. STATIC LONGITUDINAL STABILITY 10
Degree of freedom of rigid bodies in space - Static and dynamic stability - Purpose of controls in airplanes -Inherently stable and marginal stable airplanes – Static, Longitudinal stability - Stick fixed stability - Basic equilibrium equation - Stability criterion - Effects of fuselage and nacelle - Influence of CG location - Power effects - Stick fixed neutral point - Stick free stability-Hinge moment coefficient - Stick free neutral points-Symmetric maneuvers - Stick force gradients - Stick _ force per 'g' - Aerodynamic balancing.
4. LATERAL AND DIRECTIONAL STABILITY 8
Dihedral effect - Lateral control - Coupling between rolling and yawing moments - Adverse yaw effects - Aileron reversal - Static directional stability - Weather cocking effect - Rudder requirements - One engine inoperative condition - Rudder lock.
5. DYNAMIC STABILITY 6
Introduction to dynamic longitudinal stability: - Modes of stability, effect of freeing the stick - Brief description of lateral and directional. dynamic stability - Spiral, divergence, Dutch roll, auto rotation and spin.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOK
1. Perkins, C.D., and Hage, R.E., “Airplane Performance stability and Control”, John Wiley & Son:, Inc, NY, 1988.
2. Nelson, R.C. “Flight Stability and Automatic Control”, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 2004.
3. Mc Cornick. W., “Aerodynamics, Aeronautics and Flight Mechanics”, John Wiley, NY, 1979.
REFERENCES
1. Etkin, B., “Dynamics of Flight Stability and Control”, Edn. 2, John Wiley, NY, 1982.
2. Babister, A.W., “Aircraft Dynamic Stability and Response”, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1980.
3. Dommasch, D.O., Sherby, S.S., and Connolly, T.F., “Aeroplane Aero dynamics”, Third Edition, Issac Pitman, London, 1981.
4. Mc Cornick B. W, “Aerodynamics, Aeronautics and Flight Mechanics”, John Wiley, NY, 1995.
AE2302 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES-II 3 1 0 4
OBJECTIVE
To study the behaviour of various aircraft structural components under different types of loads.
1.UNSYMMETRICALBENDING 9
General, Principal axis and neutral axis methods- bending stresses in beams of symmetric sections with skew loads- bending stresses in beams of unsymmetrical sections.
2.SHEAR FLOW IN OPEN SECTIONS 9
Thin walled beams, Concept of shear flow, shear centre, Elastic axis. With one axis of symmetry, with wall effective and ineffective in bending, unsymmetrical beam sections.
3. SHEAR FLOW IN CLOSED SECTIONS 9
Bredt – Batho formula, Single and multi – cell structures.- Shear flow in single & multicell structures under torsion. Shear flow in single and multicell under bending with walls effective and ineffective.
4. BUCKLING OF PLATES 9
Rectangular sheets under compression, local buckling stress of thin walled section-Crippling stresses by Needham’s and Gerard’s methods, Thin walled column strength-sheet stiffener panels-Effective width.
5. STRESS ANALYSIS IN WING AND FUSELAGE 9
Shear resistant web beams-Tension field web beams(Wagner’s) – Shear and bending moment distribution for cantilever and semi-cantilever types of beams-loads on aircraft –lift distribution-V-n diagram-Gust loadS.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOK
1. Peery, D.J., and Azar, J.J., “Aircraft Structures”, 2nd edition, McGraw–Hill, N.Y., 2007.
2. Megson, T.M.G., “Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students”, Edward Arnold, 2007.
REFEENCES
1. Bruhn. E.H. “Analysis and Design of Flight vehicles Structures”, Tri – state off set company, USA, 1985.
2. Rivello, R.M., “Theory and Analysis of Flight Structures”, McGraw-Hill, 1993.
AE2303 AERODYNAMICS 3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVE
To understand the behaviour of airflow both internal and external in compressible flow regime with particular emphasis on supersonic flows.
1. ONE DIMENSIONAL COMPRESSIBLE FLOW 10
Energy, Momentum, continuity and state equations, velocity of sound, adiabatic steady state flow equations, Flow through convergent- divergent passage, Performance under various back pressures.
2. NORMAL, OBLIQUE SHOCKS 12
Prandtl equation and Rankine – Hugonoit relation, Normal shock equations, Pitot static tube, corrections for subsonic and supersonic flows, Oblique shocks and corresponding equations, Hodograph and pressure turning angle, shock polar, flow past wedges and concave corners, strong, weak and detached shocks,
3. EXPANSION WAVES, RAYLEIGH AND FANNO FLOW 10
Flow past convex corners, Expansion hodograph, Reflection and interaction of shocks and expansion, waves. Method of Characteristics Two dimensional supersonic nozzle contours. Rayleigh and Fanno Flow.
4. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF MOTION FOR STEADY COMPRESSIBLE FLOWS 7
Small perturbation potential theory, solutions for supersonic flows, Mach waves and Mach angles, Prandtl-Glauert affine transformation relations for subsonic flows, Linearised two dimensional supersonic flow theory, Lift, drag pitching moment and center of pressure of supersonic profiles.
5. TRANSONIC FLOW OVER WING 6
Lower and upper critical Mach numbers, Lift and drag divergence, shock induced separation, Characteristics of swept wings, Effects of thickness, camber and aspect ratio of wings, Transonic area rule.
TOTAL: 45
TEXT BOOK
1. Rathakrishnan, E., “Gas Dynamics”, Prentice Hall of India, 2003.
REFERENCES
1. Shapiro, A.H., “Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow”, Ronald Press, 1982.
2.Zucrow, M.J. and Anderson, J.D., “Elements of gas dynamics”, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1989.
3Anderson Jr., D., – “Modern compressible flows”, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York 1999.
EE 2365 CONTROL ENGINEERING 3 0 0 100
OBJECTIVE
To understand the basic concepts of flight control system.
1. INTRODUCTION 6
Historical review - Simple pneumatic, hydraulic and thermal systems, Series and parallel systems, Analogies - Mechanical and electrical components, Development of flight control systems.
2. OPEN AND CLOSED LOOP SYSTEMS 6
Feedback control systems – Block diagram representation of control systems, Reduction of block diagrams, Output to input ratios, Signal flow graph.
3. CHARACTERISTIC EQUATION AND FUNCTIONS 10
Lap lace transformation, Response of systems to different inputs viz., Step input, impulse, ramp, parabolic and sinusoidal inputs, Time response of first and second order systems, steady state errors and error constants of unity feedback circuit.
4. CONCEPT OF STABILITY 15
Necessary and sufficient conditions, Routh – Hurwitz criteria of stability, Root locus and Bode techniques, Concept and construction, frequency response.
5.SAMPLED DATA SYSTEMS 8
Introduction to digital control system, Digital Controllers and Digital PID Controllers.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. OGATO, “Modern Control Engineering”, Prentice – Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1998.
2. GOPAL.M. “Control Systems, Principles and design” – Tata McGraw-Hill Publication, New Delhi, 2000.
REFERENCES
1. Azzo, J.J.D. and C.H. Houpis, “Feed back control system analysis and synthesis”, McGraw – Hill International, 3rd Edition, 1998.
2. Kuo, B.C., “Automatic control systems”, Prentice – Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1998.
3. Houpis, C.H. and Lamont, G.B., “Digital Control Systems”, McGraw-Hill Book Co. New York, USA 1995.
4. Naresh K. Sinha, “Control Systems”, New Age International Publishers, New Delhi
GE 2211 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3 (Common to all branches)
OBJECTIVES
· To create an awareness on the various environmental pollution aspects and issues.
· To give a comprehensive insight into natural resources, ecosystem and biodiversity.
· To educate the ways and means to protect the environment from various types of pollution.
· To impart some fundamental knowledge on human welfare measures.
1. INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND NATURAL RESOURCES 10
Definition, scope and importance – need for public awareness – forest resources: use and over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies. Timber extraction, mining, dams and their ground water, floods, drought, conflicts over water, dams-benefits and problems – mineral resources: use effects on forests and tribal people – water resources: use and over-utilization of surface and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, case studies – food resources: world food problems, changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies – energy resources: growing energy needs, renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources. Case studies – land resources: land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosion and desertification – role of an individual in conservation of natural resources – equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles.
Field study of local area to document environmental assets – river / forest / grassland / hill / mountain.
2. ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY 14
Concept of an ecosystem – structure and function of an ecosystem – producers, consumers and decomposers – energy flow in the ecosystem – ecological succession – food chains, food webs and ecological pyramids – introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of the (a) forest ecosystem (b) grassland ecosystem (c) desert ecosystem (d) aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries) – introduction to biodiversity – definition: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity – biogeographical classification of India – value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and option values – biodiversity at global, national and local levels – India as a mega-diversity nation – hot-spots of biodiversity – threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts – endangered and endemic species of India – conservation of biodiversity: in-situ and ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.
Field study of common plants, insects, birds
Field study of simple ecosystems – pond, river, hill slopes, etc.
3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 8
Definition – causes, effects and control measures of: (a) air pollution (b) water pollution (c) soil pollution (d) marine pollution (e) noise pollution (f) thermal pollution (g) nuclear hazards – solid waste management: causes, effects and control measures of urban and industrial wastes – role of an individual in prevention of pollution – pollution case studies – disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides.
Field study of local polluted site – urban / rural / industrial / agricultural
4. SOCIAL ISSUES AND THE ENVIRONMENT 7
From unsustainable to sustainable development – urban problems related to energy – water conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management – resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns, case studies – environmental ethics: issues and possible solutions – climate change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents and holocaust, case studies – wasteland reclamation – consumerism and waste products – environment protection act – air (prevention and control of pollution) act – water (prevention and control of pollution) act – wildlife protection act – forest conservation act – issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation – public awareness
5. HUMAN POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT 6
Population growth, variation among nations – population explosion – family welfare programme – environment and human health – human rights – value education – HIV / AIDS – women and child welfare – role of information technology in environment and human health – case studies.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS
1.Gilbert M.Masters, “Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science”, pearson education Pvt., Ltd., second edition, ISBN 81-297-0277-0, 2004.
2. Miller T.G. jr., “Environmental Science”, Wadsworth publishing co.
3.Townsend C., Harper J and Michael Begon, “Essentials of Ecology”, Blackwell science.
4.Trivedi R.K. and P.K. Goel, “Introduction to air pollution”, techno-science publications.
REFERENCES
1. Bharucha erach, “The Biodiversity of India”, mapin publishing Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad India,
2.Trivedi R.K., “Handbook of Environmental Laws”, Rules, Guidelines, Compliances and Standards, Vol. I and II, Enviro media.
3Cunningham, W.P.Cooper, T.H.Gorhani, “Environmental Encyclopedia”, Jaico Publ., House, Mumbai, 2001.
4Wager K.D., “Environmental Management”, W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, USA, 1998
AE2304 EXPERIMENTAL STRESS ANALYSIS 3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVE
To bring awareness on experimental method of finding the response of the structure to different types of load.
1. MEASUREMENT AND EXTENSOMETER 10
Principles of measurements, Accuracy, Sensitivity and range of measurements.
Mechanical, Optical Acoustical and Electrical extensometers and their uses, Advantages and disadvantages.
2. ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE STRAIN GAUGES 10
Principle of operation and requirements, Types and their uses, Materials for strain gauge. Calibration and temperature compensation, cross sensitivity, Rosette analysis, Wheastone bridge and potentiometer circuits for static and dynamic strain measurements, strain indicators.
3. PHOTOELASTICITY 10
Two dimensional photo elasticity, Concept of light – photoelastic effects, stress optic law, Interpretation of fringe pattern, Compensation and separation techniques, Photo elastic materials. Introduction to three dimensional photo elasticity.
4. BRITTLE COATING AND MOIRE METHODS 8
Introduction to Moire techniques, brittle coating methods and holography.
5. NON – DESTRUCTIVE TESTING 7
Fundamentals of NDT, Radiography, ultrasonic, magnetic particle inspection, Fluorescent penetrant technique, Eddy current testing, Acoustic Emission Technique.
TEXT BOOKS
1.Srinath, L.S., Raghava, M.R., Lingaiah, K., Garagesha, G., Pant B., and Ramachandra, K., “Experimental Stress Analysis”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1984.
REFERENCES
1.Dally, J.W., and Riley, W.F., “Experimental Stress Analysis”, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 2005, IV edition.
2. Hetyenyi, M., “Hand book of Experimental Stress Analysis”, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, 1972.
3. Pollock A.A., “Acoustic Emission in Acoustics and Vibration Progress”, Ed. Stephens R.W.B., Chapman and Hall, 1993
AE2305 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES LAB-II 0 0 3 2
OBJECTIVE
To experimentally study the unsymmetrical bending of beams, find the location of shear centre , obtain the stresses in circular discs and beams using photoelastic techniques, calibration of photo – elastic materials and study on vibration of beams.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Unsymmetrical bending of Z-section beams
2. Shear centre location for open channel sections
3. Shear centre location for closed D-sections
4. Constant strength beam
5. Flexibility matrix for cantilever beam
6. Beam with combined loading
7. Calibration of Photo- elastic materials
8. Stresses in circular discs and beams using photo elastic techniques
9. Determination of natural frequencies of cantilever beams
10. Wagner beam – Tension field beam
TOTAL : 60
LIST OF EQUIPMENT
(for a batch of 30 students)
Sl.No. | Name of the Equipment | Qty | Experiments Number |
1 | Beam Test set –up | 2 | 1, 2, 3,4, 5
|
2 | Unsymmetrical ‘Z’ section beam | 1 | 1 |
3 | Channel section beam | 1 | 2 |
4. | Closed ‘D’ section beam | 1 | 3 |
5. | Dial gauges | 12 | 1, 2, 3 |
6 | Strain indicator and strain gauges | One set | 4,5,6 |
7 | Photo – elastic apparatus | 1 | 7,8 |
8 | Amplifier | 2 | 9 |
9 | Exciter | 2 | 9 |
10 | Pick – up | 2 | 9 |
11 | Oscilloscope | 2 | 9 |
12 | Wagner beam | 1 | 10 |
13. | Hydraulic Jack | 1 | 10 |
AE 2306 AIRFRAME LAB 0 0 3 2
OBJECTIVE
To give training on riveting, patchwork, welding and carpentry
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
Aircraft wood gluing-single scarf joint
Aircraft wood gluing-double scarf joint
Study on MIG, TIG & PLASMA welding of aircraft components
Welded single & double V-joints.
Fabric Patch repair
Riveted patch repairs.
Tube bending and flaring
Sheet metal forming.
Preparation of glass epoxy of composite laminates and specimens.
Determination of elastic constants of composite specimens.
TOTAL : 60
LIST OF EQUIPMENT
(for a batch of 30 students)
Sl.No. | Name of the Equipment | Quantity | Experiment No. |
1 | Shear cutter pedestal type | 1 | 4,6 |
2 | Drilling Machine | 1 | 4,5,6 |
3 | Bench Vices | 1 | 1, 2, 6, 7, 8 |
4 | Radius Bend bars | 1 | 7 |
5 | Pipe Flaring Tools | 1 | 7 |
6 | Welding machine | 1 | 4 |
7 | Glass fibre, epoxy resin | 1 | 9 |
8 | Strain gauges and strain indicator | 1 | 10 |
